其實不管 Ubuntu, Debian, Redhat, CentOS 等等，系統部份雖然不見得一樣，但是 Asterisk 的編譯部份是相差不多的。
1. 安裝編譯環境：
＄ sudo apt-get install build-essential subversion \
libncurses5-dev libssl-dev libxml2-dev libsqlite3-dev \
uuid-dev
2. 準備源碼
$ mkdir ~/pbx; cd ~/pbx
$ wget http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/asterisk/asterisk-11-current.tar.gz
我實驗的版本是 11-current, 解開後是 11.21.0，可以自行驗證 12, 13 等
$ tar zxf asterisk-11-current.tar.gz; cd asterisk-11*
$ contrib/scripts/get_mp3_source.sh
$ sudo ./contrib/scripts/install_prereq install
$ sudo ./contrib/scripts/install_prereq install-unpackaged
3. 編譯,以我的 Ubuntu 是 64 bit, 命令如下
$ ./configure 即可
目前的電腦大部份都是多核心的，底下 -j8 可以加速編譯速度，可以視系統的 CPU 核心數來決定。
$ make -j8
$ make menuselect
在 make menuselect 時，我是盡可能都選了，也可以不做 make menuselect，這不影響本次實驗結果
$ sudo make install && sudo make config && sudo make samples
4. 修改權限
$ sudo adduser --home /var/lib/asterisk --shell /bin/false asterisk && sudo passwd asterisk
$ sudo chown -R asterisk.asterisk /var/{lib,spool,log,run}/asterisk
5. 準備設定檔，存放在 /etc/asterisk/ 中
這一段比較複雜，先以我實驗的實例提供大家參考
===== extensions.conf ======
[globals]
INTERNAL_DIAL_OPT=,30
[internal]
exten => 7001,1,Answer()
exten => 7001,2,Dial(SIP/7001,60)
exten => 7001,3,Playback(vm-nobodyavail)
exten => 7001,4,VoiceMail(7001@main)
exten => 7001,5,Hangup()
exten => 7002,1,Answer()
exten => 7002,2,Dial(SIP/7001,60)
exten => 7002,3,Playback(vm-nobodyavail)
exten => 7002,4,VoiceMail(7001@main)
exten => 7002,5,Hangup()
exten => 7003,1,Answer()
exten => 7003,2,Dial(SIP/7001,60)
exten => 7003,3,Playback(vm-nobodyavail)
exten => 7003,4,VoiceMail(7001@main)
exten => 7003,5,Hangup()
exten => 8001,1,VoicemailMain(7001@main)
exten => 8001,2,Hangup()
exten => 8002,1,VoicemailMain(7002@main)
exten => 8002,2,Hangup()
exten => 8003,1,VoicemailMain(7003@main)
exten => 8003,2,Hangup()
===== sip.conf ======
[general]
context=internal
allowguest=no
allowoverlap=no
bindaddr=0.0.0.0
bindport=5060
srvlookup=no
allow=ulaw
localnet=192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0
[7001]
type=friend
host=dynamic
secret=123456
context=internal
[7002]
type=friend
host=dynamic
secret=123456
context=internal
[7003]
type=friend
host=dynamic
secret=123456
context=internal
===== manager.conf ======
[general]
enabled = yes
webenabled = yes
port = 5038
bindaddr = 0.0.0.0
displaysystemname = yes
httptimeout = 60
[admin]
secret = 123456
permit = 192.168.1.0/24
read = system,call,log,verbose,agent,user,config,command,dtmf,reporting,cdr,dialplan,originate,message
write = system,call,log,verbose,agent,user,config,command,reporting,originate,message
===== asterisk.conf ======
[directories]
astetcdir => /etc/asterisk
astmoddir => /usr/lib/asterisk/modules
astvarlibdir => /var/lib/asterisk
astdbdir => /var/lib/asterisk
astkeydir => /var/lib/asterisk
astdatadir => /var/lib/asterisk
astagidir => /var/lib/asterisk/agi-bin
astspooldir => /var/spool/asterisk
astrundir => /var/run/asterisk
astlogdir => /var/log/asterisk
astsbindir => /usr/sbin
[options]
runuser = asterisk
rungroup = asterisk
documentation_language = en_US
[compat]
pbx_realtime=1.6
res_agi=1.6
app_set=1.6
===== modules.conf ======
[modules]
autoload=yes
load => res_musiconhold.so
noload => res_speech.so
noload => res_phoneprov.so
noload => pbx_gtkconsole.so
noload => chan_alsa.so
noload => chan_console.so
noload => res_ael_share.so
noload => res_clialiases.so
noload => res_adsi.so
noload => pbx_ael.so
noload => pbx_dundi.so
noload => chan_oss.so
noload => chan_mgcp.so
noload => chan_skinny.so
noload => chan_phone.so
noload => chan_agent.so
noload => chan_unistim.so
noload => app_nbscat.so
noload => app_amd.so
noload => app_minivm.so
noload => app_zapateller.so
noload => app_ices.so
noload => app_sendtext.so
noload => app_speech_utils.so
noload => app_mp3.so
noload => app_flash.so
noload => app_getcpeid.so
noload => app_setcallerid.so
noload => app_adsiprog.so
noload => app_forkcdr.so
noload => app_sms.so
noload => app_morsecode.so
noload => app_followme.so
noload => app_url.so
noload => app_alarmreceiver.so
noload => app_disa.so
noload => app_dahdiras.so
noload => app_senddtmf.so
noload => app_sayunixtime.so
noload => app_test.so
noload => app_externalivr.so
noload => app_image.so
noload => app_dictate.so
noload => app_festival.so
noload => chan_pjsip.so
noload => func_pjsip_aor.so
noload => func_pjsip_contact.so
noload => func_pjsip_endpoint.so
noload => res_hep_pjsip.so
noload => res_pjsip_acl.so
noload => res_pjsip_authenticator_digest.so
noload => res_pjsip_caller_id.so
noload => res_pjsip_config_wizard.so
noload => res_pjsip_dialog_info_body_generator.so
noload => res_pjsip_diversion.so
noload => res_pjsip_dlg_options.so
noload => res_pjsip_dtmf_info.so
noload => res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_anonymous.so
6. 啟動與停止
autoload=yes
load => res_musiconhold.so
noload => res_speech.so
noload => res_phoneprov.so
noload => pbx_gtkconsole.so
noload => chan_alsa.so
noload => chan_console.so
noload => res_ael_share.so
noload => res_clialiases.so
noload => res_adsi.so
noload => pbx_ael.so
noload => pbx_dundi.so
noload => chan_oss.so
noload => chan_mgcp.so
noload => chan_skinny.so
noload => chan_phone.so
noload => chan_agent.so
noload => chan_unistim.so
noload => app_nbscat.so
noload => app_amd.so
noload => app_minivm.so
noload => app_zapateller.so
noload => app_ices.so
noload => app_sendtext.so
noload => app_speech_utils.so
noload => app_mp3.so
noload => app_flash.so
noload => app_getcpeid.so
noload => app_setcallerid.so
noload => app_adsiprog.so
noload => app_forkcdr.so
noload => app_sms.so
noload => app_morsecode.so
noload => app_followme.so
noload => app_url.so
noload => app_alarmreceiver.so
noload => app_disa.so
noload => app_dahdiras.so
noload => app_senddtmf.so
noload => app_sayunixtime.so
noload => app_test.so
noload => app_externalivr.so
noload => app_image.so
noload => app_dictate.so
noload => app_festival.so
noload => chan_pjsip.so
noload => func_pjsip_aor.so
noload => func_pjsip_contact.so
noload => func_pjsip_endpoint.so
noload => res_hep_pjsip.so
noload => res_pjsip_acl.so
noload => res_pjsip_authenticator_digest.so
noload => res_pjsip_caller_id.so
noload => res_pjsip_config_wizard.so
noload => res_pjsip_dialog_info_body_generator.so
noload => res_pjsip_diversion.so
noload => res_pjsip_dlg_options.so
noload => res_pjsip_dtmf_info.so
noload => res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_anonymous.so
noload => res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_ip.so
noload => res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_user.so
noload => res_pjsip_exten_state.so
noload => res_pjsip_header_funcs.so
noload => res_pjsip_keepalive.so
noload => res_pjsip_log_forwarder.so
noload => res_pjsip_logger.so
noload => res_pjsip_messaging.so
noload => res_pjsip_multihomed.so
noload => res_pjsip_mwi_body_generator.so
noload => res_pjsip_mwi.so
noload => res_pjsip_nat.so
noload => res_pjsip_notify.so
noload => res_pjsip_one_touch_record_info.so
noload => res_pjsip_outbound_authenticator_digest.so
noload => res_pjsip_outbound_publish.so
noload => res_pjsip_outbound_registration.so
noload => res_pjsip_path.so
noload => res_pjsip_phoneprov_provider.so
noload => res_pjsip_pidf_body_generator.so
noload => res_pjsip_pidf_digium_body_supplement.so
noload => res_pjsip_pidf_eyebeam_body_supplement.so
noload => res_pjsip_publish_asterisk.so
noload => res_pjsip_pubsub.so
noload => res_pjsip_refer.so
noload => res_pjsip_registrar_expire.so
noload => res_pjsip_registrar.so
noload => res_pjsip_rfc3326.so
noload => res_pjsip_sdp_rtp.so
noload => res_pjsip_send_to_voicemail.so
noload => res_pjsip_session.so
noload => res_pjsip_sips_contact.so
noload => res_pjsip.so
noload => res_pjsip_t38.so
noload => res_pjsip_transport_websocket.so
noload => res_pjsip_xpidf_body_generator.so
6. 啟動與停止
$ sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk -cvvv
$ CLI> core stop now
如果想直接在背景執行，就不加參數 $ sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk
如果想停止背景中的 asterisk, 可以如下：
$ sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk -rc
CLI> core stop now
PS: 我試過 asterisk-13.7.0, 11.21.0, 12.8.2 都是可以連線的
PS: 如果無法連線，有很多情況是模組載入問題，請試著修改 modules.conf 試試
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